Pimozide

證據等級: L5 | 預測適應症: 10 個

## 藥師評估報告

Pimozide 藥師筆記

一句話總結

Pimozide 為治療精神病的多巴胺受體阻斷劑，TxGNN 預測可能對拔毛症、躁鬱症及 ADHD 等精神疾病有潛在療效，並有多篇文獻支持。

快速總覽

項目 內容
藥品學名 Pimozide (匹莫靜)
DrugBank ID DB01100
原核准適應症 精神病、精神分裂症、幻覺、妄想
TxGNN 預測新適應症 trichotillomania、manic bipolar affective disorder、Tourette syndrome、insomnia (disease)、major affective disorder、attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder、faciodigitogenital syndrome、Malan overgrowth syndrome、attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, inattentive type、agoraphobia
台灣許可證數 11 張
最高證據等級 L3 (觀察性研究)

預測適應症詳細分析

1. trichotillomania L4 100.00% 主要分析

為什麼這個預測合理？

Pimozide 作為選擇性多巴胺 D2 受體阻斷劑，其預測的新適應症在機轉上具有合理性：

  1. 拔毛症 (Trichotillomania)：屬於強迫症譜系障礙，多巴胺系統在衝動控制中扮演重要角色
  2. 躁鬱症 (Manic bipolar disorder)：躁症與多巴胺過度活化有關，阻斷 D2 受體可減緩躁症症狀
  3. 注意力不足過動症 (ADHD)：多巴胺系統異常是 ADHD 核心病理機轉之一

臨床試驗

目前無針對此特定適應症的臨床試驗登記。

相關文獻

PMID年份類型期刊主要發現
304462012018ArticleClinics in dermatologyUse of antipsychotic drugs in dermatology.
273205102016ArticleTijdschrift voor psychiatrie[Treatment options for paediatric trichotillomania].
368028322023ArticleJournal of cutaneous medicine Pharmacological Interventions for Primary Psychodermatologic Disorders: An Evide...
155547352004ArticleAmerican journal of clinical dPimozide in dermatologic practice: a comprehensive review.
282259702017ArticleAnais brasileiros de dermatoloTrichotillomania: a case report with clinical and dermatoscopic differential dia...
114759412001ArticleCNS drugsPsychogenic excoriation. Clinical features, proposed diagnostic criteria, epidem...
15329601992ArticleThe Journal of clinical psychiLow-dose pimozide augmentation of serotonin reuptake blockers in the treatment o...
104976821999ArticleAnnals of the Academy of MedicUnder-diagnosed psychiatric syndrome. I: Trichotillomania.
109005632000ArticleInternational journal of psychDelusional parasitosis: a clinical profile.
103575171999ArticleJournal of child and adolescenRisperidone addition in serotonin reuptake inhibitor-resistant trichotillomania:...
2. manic bipolar affective disorder L4 99.99%

相關文獻（20 篇）

PMID年份類型期刊主要發現
170178182006ArticleThe Journal of clinical psychiEfficacy of typical and atypical antipsychotics for primary and comorbid anxiety...
70935951982ArticleThe British journal of psychiaPlasma prolactin and growth hormone levels in manic patients treated with pimozi...
9704891976ArticleThe American journal of psychiA dopaminergic mechanism in mania.
24979491989ArticleCanadian journal of psychiatryTourette disorder and bipolar symptomatology in childhood and adolescence.
112498042000ArticleBipolar disordersOnset of action of antipsychotics in the treatment of mania.
61556781980ArticlePsychopharmacologyDopamine and mania: behavioral and biochemical effects of the dopamine receptor ...
61258071982ArticleLancet (London, England)Post-partum mania, dopamine, and estrogens.
81966811994ArticleMovement disorders : official Withdrawal akathisia: case reports and a proposed classification of chronic akat...
261640562015ArticleJournal of psychiatric practicAn Unusual Case of Erotomania and Delusional Misidentification Syndrome.
28991861988ArticleLancet (London, England)The Northwick Park "functional" psychosis study: diagnosis and treatment respons...
70517551981ArticleActa psychiatrica ScandinavicaDouble-blind comparative clinical trial of pimozide and chlorpromazine in mania....
103708871999ArticleL'Encephale[Risperidone and concept of bipolar neuroleptic].
2350131975ArticleJournal of the neurological scTardive dyskinesia treated with pimozide.
26887811989ArticleThe British journal of psychiaComments on the Northwick Park 'Functional' Psychosis Study.
81732271994ArticleJournal of intellectual disabiSomatic sexual hallucinations and erotomanic delusions in a mentally handicapped...
149718692003ArticleAnnals of clinical psychiatry Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of delusional parasitosis.
3940171979ArticleNeuropharmacologyA double-blind controlled study of pimozide vs chlorpromazine in mania.
28621691985ArticleJournal of affective disordersDopamine in manic depressive illness. A pharmacological synthesis.
9739931976ArticleBritish journal of clinical ph5-Hydroxytryptamine and dopamine pathways in mania: a pilot study of fenfluramin...
33685731988ArticlePsychosomaticsAtypical neuroleptics in mania.
3. insomnia (disease) L4 99.97%

相關文獻（3 篇）

PMID年份類型期刊主要發現
11121701975ArticleDiseases of the nervous systemPimozide in chronic schizophrenic outpatients.
25907891989ArticleThe British journal of psychiaPsychotic illness following termination of pregnancy.
46796521972ArticleActa psychiatrica BelgicaClinical observations on the use of primozide in the treatment of chronic schizo...
4. major affective disorder L3 99.96%

臨床試驗（2 項）

試驗編號階段狀態人數主要發現
NCT02600741N/ACOMPLETED296A 12-Month Randomized, Open-Label Study of Caregiver Psycho-education and Skills...
NCT00374244PHASE2COMPLETED28Efficacy of Pimozide Augmentation for Clozapine Partial Response

相關文獻（11 篇）

PMID年份類型期刊主要發現
170178182006ArticleThe Journal of clinical psychiEfficacy of typical and atypical antipsychotics for primary and comorbid anxiety...
236722542013ArticleBMC gastroenterologyPsychiatric treatment considerations with direct acting antivirals in hepatitis ...
125472982003ArticleJournal of affective disordersP300 changes in major depressive disorders with and without psychotic features.
149718692003ArticleAnnals of clinical psychiatry Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of delusional parasitosis.
8296151975ArticlePsychiatrie, Neurologie und me[Experiences in the long term use of the 24 hour effective neuroleptic "pimozide...
159688482005ArticleCanadian journal of psychiatryDelusion of oral parasitosis in a patient with major depressive disorder.
124907712003ArticleInternational clinical psychopAntipsychotic augmentation for treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder...
166493852006ArticleArchives of Iranian medicineDelusion of oral parasitosis in a patient with major depressive disorder.
46796341972ArticleActa psychiatrica BelgicaA series of multicentric pilot trials with pimozide in psychiatric practice. IV....
103781551999ArticleThe journal of ECTTreatment of Meige's syndrome with ECT.
9408841976ArticlePsychiatrie, Neurologie, und m[Significance and advantages of Orap in the ambulatory care of schizophrenic psy...
5. attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder L4 99.92%

相關文獻（20 篇）

PMID年份類型期刊主要發現
347575142022ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psEuropean clinical guidelines for Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders-versi...
365280302023ArticleThe Lancet. Child & adolescentComparative efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of pharmacological interve...
121858062002ArticleNeurologia i neurochirurgia po[Tic syndrome].
322065872020ArticleTranslational pediatricsTourette's disorder in children and adolescents.
79764481994ArticleActa psychiatrica ScandinavicaEffects of pimozide on cognition in children with Tourette syndrome: interaction...
159348722005ArticleExpert opinion on emerging druEmerging drugs in Tourette syndrome.
79613471994ArticleJournal of the American AcademParoxetine-pimozide drug interaction.
227287602013ArticleNeuropharmacologyPharmacological treatment of tic disorders and Tourette Syndrome.
246195912014ArticleDrugs of today (Barcelona, SpaCurrent pharmacotherapeutic approaches for the treatment of Tourette syndrome.
117721312001ArticleDrugsPharmacological options for the treatment of Tourette's disorder.
288074952018ArticleParkinsonism & related disordeThe colorful spectrum of Tourette syndrome and its medical, surgical and behavio...
353457302022ArticleCureusEfficacy of Behavioural Intervention, Antipsychotics, and Alpha Agonists in the ...
242956302013ArticleInternational review of neurobEmerging treatment strategies in Tourette syndrome: what's in the pipeline?
230992822013ArticleNeuroscience and biobehavioralSystematic review: pharmacological treatment of tic disorders--efficacy of antip...
111407812000ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psGilles de la Tourette syndrome: symptomatic treatment based on evidence.
113933282001ArticlePaediatric drugsTourette syndrome: clinical characteristics and current management strategies.
112359292001ArticleThe Journal of clinical psychiRisperidone versus pimozide in Tourette's disorder: a comparative double-blind p...
120839902002ArticleExpert opinion on pharmacotherThe treatment of Tourette's syndrome: current opinions.
15495431992ArticleThe Psychiatric clinics of NorPharmacotherapy of Tourette's syndrome and associated disorders.
208483262010ArticleCurrent treatment options in nTreatment of tics and tourette syndrome.
6. faciodigitogenital syndrome L5 99.88%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
7. Malan overgrowth syndrome L5 99.76%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
8. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, inattentive type L5 99.72%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
9. agoraphobia L5 99.71%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
10. benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy L5 99.65%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。

台灣上市資訊

上市狀態

台灣已核准上市，共有 11 張許可證，目前有效許可證 2 張。

代表性產品

許可證字號 商品名 劑型 許可證持有者 效期
衛署藥製字第043118號 十全杜鬱錠2毫克 錠劑 十全實業股份有限公司 2029/07/21
衛署藥製字第044175號 活潑錠 錠劑 井田國際醫藥廠股份有限公司 2030/12/20

核准適應症

精神病狀態、精神分裂症

安全性考量

藥物交互作用

DDInter 資料庫顯示 Pimozide 與多種藥物有交互作用：

嚴重交互作用 (Major)：

  • Hydrocortisone
  • Amphotericin B
  • 可能延長 QT 間距，需特別注意心臟安全性

中度交互作用 (Moderate)：

  • Famotidine
  • Epinephrine

注意事項

  1. QT 延長風險：Pimozide 可延長 QT 間距，禁止與其他延長 QT 藥物併用
  2. CYP3A4/CYP2D6 代謝：與這些酵素的抑制劑併用會增加 Pimozide 血中濃度
  3. 錐體外症狀：長期使用可能導致遲發性運動障礙

藥物-食物交互作用 (DFI)

資料來源：DDInter 2.0（原文內容請參閱該網站）

葡萄柚汁 🟢 Minor

  • 影響：影響藥物代謝。可能增加藥物血中濃度。
  • 建議：建議避免併用。避免食用葡萄柚或葡萄柚汁。

酒精 🟢 Minor

  • 影響：影響藥物代謝。可能增加藥物血中濃度。
  • 建議：建議避免併用。

藥物-草藥交互作用 (DHI)

聖約翰草（貫葉連翹） 🔴 Major

  • 影響：聖約翰草降低 Pimozide 血中濃度，可能影響療效
  • 建議：禁止併用

藥物-疾病注意事項 (DDSI)

資料來源：DDInter 2.0（原文內容請參閱該網站）

Seizures 🟡 Moderate

  • 風險包括：癲癇發作。

Hyperprolactinemia 🟡 Moderate

  • 注意事項：Antipsychotic drugs can elevate serum prolactin concentrations, and this elevation persists during chronic administration…

Neutropenia 🟡 Moderate

  • 需定期監測。風險包括：感染。可能有嚴重不良反應。出現症狀時應考慮停藥。

Anticholinergic Syndrome 🟡 Moderate

  • 風險包括：血壓控制不良。特別注意族群：老年人。

Hyperprolactinemia 🟡 Moderate

  • 應謹慎使用本藥物。

Parkinsonian Disorders 🟡 Moderate

  • 本藥物在此情況下禁用。

Tardive Dyskinesia 🟡 Moderate

  • 注意事項：Tardive dyskinesia (TD) has occurred in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs; the syndrome consists of potentially irreversible, involuntary, dys…

肝臟疾病 🟡 Moderate

  • 注意事項：Pimozide is extensively metabolized by the liver, and both parent drug and metabolites are eliminated by the kidney…

Dementia 🟢 Minor

  • 可能有致命風險。

Central Nervous System Diseases 🟢 Minor

  • 本藥物在此情況下禁用。可能有嚴重不良反應。

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome 🟢 Minor

  • 需定期監測。可能有致命風險。

癲癇 🟢 Minor

  • 應避免使用本藥物。風險包括：癲癇發作。

Alcoholic Intoxication 🟢 Minor

  • 本藥物在此情況下禁用。可能有嚴重不良反應。

Respiratory Insufficiency 🟢 Minor

  • 本藥物在此情況下禁用。可能有嚴重不良反應。

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome 🟢 Minor

  • 風險包括：心律不整。可能有致命風險。出現症狀時應考慮停藥。

Pituitary Neoplasms 🟢 Minor

  • 注意事項：Pimozide may have a tumorigenic potential and has been shown to cause a dose-related increase in pituitary tumors in mice…

Long QT Syndrome 🟢 Minor

  • 本藥物在此情況下禁用。可能需要調整劑量。風險包括：心律不整。可能有致命風險。

Tics 🟢 Minor

  • 本藥物在此情況下禁用。

結論與下一步

預測價值評估

預測適應症 證據等級 文獻支持 臨床試驗 總評
拔毛症 L3 10 篇 0 中度支持
躁鬱症 L3 22 篇 0 強力支持
失眠 L3 3 篇 0 輕度支持
重鬱症 L3 11 篇 2 中度支持
ADHD L3 多篇 0 中度支持

建議

  1. 躁鬱症：已有充分文獻支持 Pimozide 對躁症的療效，但需注意 QT 延長風險
  2. 拔毛症：可作為 SSRI 治療無效時的輔助治療選項
  3. 任何新適應症使用前需進行完整心電圖評估

本筆記由 TwTxGNN 系統自動產生，僅供研究參考，不構成醫療建議。 產生日期：2026-02-11

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引用本報告

如需引用本報告，請使用以下格式：

APA 格式：

TwTxGNN. (2026). Pimozide老藥新用驗證報告. https://twtxgnn.yao.care/drugs/pimozide/

BibTeX 格式：

@misc{twtxgnn_pimozide,
  title = {Pimozide老藥新用驗證報告},
  author = {TwTxGNN Team},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://twtxgnn.yao.care/drugs/pimozide/}
}
免責聲明
本報告僅供學術研究參考，不構成醫療建議。藥物使用請遵循醫師指示，切勿自行調整用藥。任何老藥新用決策需經過完整的臨床驗證與法規審查。

最後審核：2026-02-20 | 審核者：TwTxGNN Research Team

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