Ipratropium
證據等級: L1 | 預測適應症: 10 個
## 藥師評估報告
Ipratropium：從 阻塞性呼吸道疾病 到 阻塞性肺疾病
一句話總結
Ipratropium（溴化伊普托品）是一種抗膽鹼支氣管擴張劑，用於慢性阻塞性肺疾病和支氣管氣喘的治療。TxGNN 模型預測它對**阻塞性肺疾病 (obstructive lung disease)** 有潛在治療效果，目前有超過 **40 項臨床試驗**支持此預測，證據等級極高。
快速總覽
| 項目 | 內容 |
|---|---|
| 原適應症 | 慢性阻塞性支氣管炎、支氣管氣喘、阻塞性呼吸道疾病併發的可逆性支氣管痙攣 |
| 預測新適應症 | bronchitis、obstructive lung disease、nasal cavity disease、pharyngitis、acute laryngopharyngitis、respiratory malformation、papillary conjunctivitis、pulmonary emphysema、Rienhoff syndrome、tracheal disease |
| TxGNN 預測分數 | 99.97% |
| 證據等級 | L1 |
| 台灣上市 | 已上市 |
| 許可證數 | 多張 |
| 建議決策 | Validate |
預測適應症詳細分析
1. obstructive lung disease L1 99.97% 主要分析
為什麼這個預測合理？
Ipratropium 是一種短效抗膽鹼劑，通過阻斷乙酰膽鹼對支氣管平滑肌 M3 受體的作用，產生支氣管擴張效果。其原適應症已涵蓋 COPD 和氣喘，預測的「阻塞性肺疾病」本質上與原適應症高度重疊。
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此預測基於藥物的作用機轉，與現有臨床證據方向一致。
臨床試驗
| 試驗編號 | 階段 | 狀態 | 人數 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00371527 | NA | COMPLETED | 200 | Effect of Ipratropium on Acute Bronchitis in Subjects Without Underlying Lung Di... |
| NCT00668408 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | 1000 | Long-Term Oxygen Therapy (LTOT) in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ... |
| NCT00583778 | NA | COMPLETED | 141 | A Comparison of Levalbuterol Plus Ipratropium With Levalbuterol Alone in the Tre... |
| NCT02260011 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 41 | A Single-Dose, Double Blind, Crossover Trial to Determinate the Comparability of... |
| NCT00239434 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 200 | Comparison of 18 mg of Tiotropium Inhalation Capsules Once Daily and Atrovent Me... |
| NCT00794157 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 347 | A 12-week Treatment, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, ... |
| NCT06211920 | NA | UNKNOWN | 140 | Prehospital Use of Non-invasive Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Failure Due to... |
| NCT02576626 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 40 | The Effectiveness of Single Dose Ultibro Breezhaler (Indacaterol/Glycopyrronium)... |
| NCT02584738 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | 152 | Efficacy of Nebulized Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjunct to Standard Therapy in Ast... |
| NCT01332461 | N/A | COMPLETED | 5677 | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)-Related Healthcare Utilization and ... |
| NCT03271905 | NA | UNKNOWN | 10 | Influence of Mechanical Ventilation Modes on the Efficacy of Nebulized Bronchodi... |
| NCT02504801 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | 73 | Efficacy of Nebulized Pulmicort Respules on Post Operation Pulmonary Complicatio... |
| NCT00928746 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 142 | ATROVENT HFA Actuation Indicator Open-Label Study in Adults With Chronic Obstruc... |
| NCT02232594 | N/A | COMPLETED | 834 | Postmarketing Surveillance Study (as Per § 67 (6) AMG [German Drug Law]) of Bero... |
| NCT05183841 | NA | UNKNOWN | 40 | Effect of Bronchodilators on the Exercise Capacity of Bronchiectasis Patients |
| NCT02542254 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 36 | A Phase II, Randomised, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Six Way Crossover Stud... |
| NCT03611777 | N/A | COMPLETED | 901 | Non-interventional, Cross-sectional, Multicenter Study to Describe the Exacerbat... |
| NCT00922350 | NA | COMPLETED | 59 | Heliox and Posture Optimize Action of Nebulization With Bronchodilators for Asth... |
| NCT00685841 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 717 | A Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Randomized, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Multic... |
| NCT02509299 | NA | COMPLETED | 49 | Effect of Different Physiotherapy Treatments in Hospitalized COPD Patients |
| NCT00250679 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 443 | Multicenter, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Randomized, Active-Controlled, Parallel... |
| NCT02782052 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | 0 | Bronchodilator's Effects on Exertional Dyspnoea in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertensi... |
| NCT01072448 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 323 | A 12-week Treatment, Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled,... |
| NCT01636726 | N/A | COMPLETED | 1 | WEUKBRE5554: IMI PROTECT (Work Package 2): Use of Long Acting beta2 Adrenoceptor... |
| NCT01796730 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 60 | A 12-week, Double-blind, Multicenter, 3-crossover, Placebo Controlled and Random... |
| NCT05786950 | NA | COMPLETED | 44 | Neural Respiratory Drive of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
| NCT00674817 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 45 | A Randomized, Double-blind, Crossover Study to Investigate the Bronchodilatation... |
| NCT01696214 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 20 | SAPS:Smoking Asthmatics Pilot Study: |
| NCT02172469 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 215 | A Comparison of 18 µg of Tiotropium Inhalation Capsules and Atrovent® Metered Do... |
| NCT01089127 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 552 | A Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Stu... |
| NCT02236182 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 57 | A Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety of Two-week Admini... |
| NCT01636713 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 581 | A 24-week Randomised, Double-blind and Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the ... |
| NCT00274066 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 65 | The Acute Bronchodilator Effects of a Single Dose (2 Puffs) of the Shortacting A... |
| NCT01336608 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 446 | A 24-week Study to Evaluate the Effect of Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterol 100/25 ... |
| NCT01778062 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 136 | A Phase Ⅲb, Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial, to Assess t... |
| NCT03064113 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 32 | A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Study to Examine the Pharmacodyna... |
| NCT00200967 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 87 | Asthma Clinical Research Network (ACRN) Trial - Long-Acting Beta Agonist Respons... |
| NCT01714401 | NA | COMPLETED | 50 | The Development of Procedures to Optimalize the Intensive Care Units Patients Cl... |
| NCT00900731 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 1598 | A 12-week Treatment, Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel-group, Blinded, Double-du... |
| NCT01331694 | N/A | COMPLETED | 76130 | Outcomes and Costs Associated With Initiating Maintenance Treatment With Flutica... |
| NCT03219866 | PHASE4 | TERMINATED | 40 | Preliminary Study for Comparison of Triple Therapy Nebulizer Versus Dry Powdered... |
| NCT02238158 | N/A | COMPLETED | 595 | Postmarketing Surveillance (as Per §67(6)AMG [German Drug Law]) of Atrovent® in ... |
| NCT03219736 | NA | WITHDRAWN | 0 | A Randomized Controlled Trial of Non-Invasive Positive Airway Pressure in the Pe... |
| NCT01243788 | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | 450 | Efficacy and Safety of Salmeterol/Fluticasone Propionate vs Ipratropium/Albutero... |
| NCT04446637 | PHASE3 | WITHDRAWN | 0 | Comparison of Acute Bronchodilator Effects of Ipratropium/Levosalbutamol 20/50 m... |
| NCT00240435 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 491 | A Randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Placebo- and Active-controlled, Parall... |
| NCT06918418 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 60 | Comparison of Salbutamol Alone and Salbutamol in Combination With Ipratropium Br... |
| NCT00202176 | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | 32 | The Effects of Bronchodilators on Exertional Dyspnea and Exercise Performance in... |
| NCT02177344 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 646 | A Six Month, Randomized, Double-blind (Within Formulation), Multiple Dose Trial ... |
| NCT02247856 | NA | COMPLETED | 9 | IN VIVO ASSESSMENT OF RADIOLABELED AEROSOL DURING NONINVASIVE VENTILATION IN STA... |
相關文獻
| PMID | 年份 | 類型 | 期刊 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35616126 | 2022 | Article | The Cochrane database of syste | Magnesium sulfate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disea... |
| 3155676 | 1985 | Article | Drug intelligence & clinical p | Ipratropium bromide. |
| 23170031 | 2012 | Article | The Annals of pharmacotherapy | Concomitant use of ipratropium and tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary d... |
| 2977109 | 1988 | Article | Clinical pharmacy | Use of ipratropium bromide in obstructive lung disease. |
| 26391969 | 2015 | Article | The Cochrane database of syste | Tiotropium versus ipratropium bromide for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. |
| 10565879 | 1999 | Article | Respiratory care clinics of No | Anticholinergic bronchodilators. |
| 38457591 | 2024 | Article | Medicine | Probiotics combined with Budesonide and Ipratropium bromide for chronic obstruct... |
| 2970009 | 1988 | Article | The New England journal of med | Ipratropium bromide. |
| 24043433 | 2013 | Article | The Cochrane database of syste | Tiotropium versus ipratropium bromide for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. |
| 15987237 | 2005 | Article | Treatments in respiratory medi | Ipratropium bromide HFA. |
| 7813271 | 1995 | Article | Chest | Nonbronchodilator effects of pirbuterol and ipratropium in chronic obstructive p... |
| 2529803 | 1989 | Article | The American review of respira | Lung Health Study. |
| 20163324 | 2010 | Article | Expert opinion on drug metabol | Inhaled albuterol/salbutamol and ipratropium bromide and their combination in th... |
| 2951816 | 1986 | Article | Respiration; international rev | Controlled clinical study of a long-term treatment of chronic obstructive lung d... |
| 9817708 | 1998 | Article | American journal of respirator | Measurement of symptoms, lung hyperinflation, and endurance during exercise in c... |
| 8181328 | 1994 | Article | Chest | In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a combination of ipratropium and albut... |
| 16625543 | 2006 | Article | The Cochrane database of syste | Ipratropium bromide versus short acting beta-2 agonists for stable chronic obstr... |
| 28461224 | 2017 | Article | EBioMedicine | Responsiveness to Ipratropium Bromide in Male and Female Patients with Mild to M... |
| 1835291 | 1991 | Article | The American journal of medici | Acute bronchodilating effects of ipratropium bromide and theophylline in chronic... |
| 16856113 | 2006 | Article | The Cochrane database of syste | Ipratropium bromide versus long-acting beta-2 agonists for stable chronic obstru... |
2. nasal cavity disease L4 99.86%
相關文獻（1 篇）
| PMID | 年份 | 類型 | 期刊 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 39047643 | 2024 | Article | Colloids and surfaces. B, Bioi | ROS responsive hydrogel for inhibition of MUC5AC against allergic rhinitis: A ne... |
3. pharyngitis L1 99.85%
臨床試驗（3 項）
| 試驗編號 | 階段 | 狀態 | 人數 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05165992 | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | 200 | Nebulized Fentanyl for Respiratory Symptoms in Patients With COVID-19 (Ventanyl ... |
| NCT00845728 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 3439 | A Phase IIIb Multicenter, 52 Week Treatment, Randomized, Blinded, Double Dummy, ... |
| NCT02299375 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 184 | A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 15mg BID Losmapimod (GW856553) Co... |
相關文獻（5 篇）
| PMID | 年份 | 類型 | 期刊 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35838014 | 2023 | Article | The Laryngoscope | Intranasal Anticholinergics for Treatment of Chronic Rhinitis: Systematic Review... |
| 6217949 | 1982 | Article | Current medical research and o | A therapeutic comparison of ipratropium bromide and salbutamol in asthmatic pati... |
| 35089202 | 2022 | Article | Medicine | Nebulized fentanyl for respiratory symptoms in patients with COVID-19 (ventanyl ... |
| 38879750 | 2024 | Article | The American journal of case r | Sinus Node Dysfunction Triggered by Tonsillar Abscess: Effects of Vagal Nerve Co... |
| 15000120 | 2004 | Article | Consumer reports | How to choose a cold remedy. |
4. acute laryngopharyngitis L5 99.84%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
5. respiratory malformation L1 99.80%
臨床試驗（12 項）
| 試驗編號 | 階段 | 狀態 | 人數 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06964997 | N/A | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | 920 | Anisocoria in the ICU (AICU Study): Diagnostic Implications and Clinical Outcome... |
| NCT06110481 | N/A | RECRUITING | 80 | Bronchodilator Response To Inhaled Beta-2 Agonist and Anticholinergic Drugs in C... |
| NCT00674817 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 45 | A Randomized, Double-blind, Crossover Study to Investigate the Bronchodilatation... |
| NCT00372112 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 68 | A 2-wk Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability,Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacok... |
| NCT00180843 | NA | TERMINATED | 2 | Assessment of Ventilation-perfusion Abnormalities in Patients With Smoking-relat... |
| NCT01987219 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 15 | The Effects of Bronchodilator Therapy On Respiratory and Autonomic Function in P... |
| NCT00549679 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 104 | A Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Investigate the Safety a... |
| NCT02299375 | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | 184 | A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of 15mg BID Losmapimod (GW856553) Co... |
| NCT03170232 | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | 54 | A Randomized, Double-blind, Sponsor Open, Placebo-controlled, 52 Week Study Eval... |
| NCT00274040 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 141 | A Comparison of 18 μg of Tiotropium Inhalation Capsules and Atrovent Metered Dos... |
| NCT01316887 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | 563 | A 52 Week Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of GSK573719/GW642444 12... |
| NCT00000568 | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | N/A | Lung Health Study (LHS) I and III |
相關文獻（13 篇）
| PMID | 年份 | 類型 | 期刊 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10515429 | 1999 | Article | The European respiratory journ | Effects of drugs on mucus clearance. |
| 40069469 | 2025 | Article | European journal of pediatrics | Unilateral mydriasis: an unexpected effect of ipratropium bromide inhalation-a b... |
| 8296756 | 1994 | Article | The American journal of cardio | Abnormalities of pulmonary function in patients with congestive heart failure, a... |
| 27140677 | 2016 | Article | Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) | Bronchodilator responsiveness of peripheral airways in smokers with normal spiro... |
| 4081277 | 1985 | Article | Revue des maladies respiratoir | [Pharmacology of mucociliary transport]. |
| 28932559 | 2017 | Article | Journal of thoracic disease | Pupillary abnormalities in non-selected critically ill patients: an observationa... |
| 19911854 | 2009 | Article | Drugs | Acute severe asthma: new approaches to assessment and treatment. |
| 19052054 | 2009 | Article | Thorax | Evaluation of acute bronchodilator reversibility in patients with symptoms of GO... |
| 10976150 | 2000 | Article | Indian heart journal | Pulmonary function profile in chronic congestive heart failure and the effect of... |
| 10092690 | 1999 | Article | Thorax | Risk factors for death from asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and c... |
| 9230720 | 1997 | Article | American journal of respirator | Inhibition of PAF-induced gas exchange defects by beta-adrenergic agonists in mi... |
| 15101027 | 2004 | Article | Journal of cardiac failure | The reversibility of increased airways resistance in chronic heart failure measu... |
| 16786796 | 2005 | Article | Przeglad lekarski | [A case of emphysema suggesting cystic lung disease in computer tomography]. |
6. papillary conjunctivitis L5 99.75%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
7. Rienhoff syndrome L5 99.69%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
8. tracheal disease L3 99.66%
臨床試驗（1 項）
| 試驗編號 | 階段 | 狀態 | 人數 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04142814 | NA | WITHDRAWN | 0 | Randomized Controlled Study on the Evaluation of the T-PEP Method Based on Posit... |
相關文獻（16 篇）
| PMID | 年份 | 類型 | 期刊 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25278282 | 2015 | Article | Medical principles and practic | A comparative study of the beneficial effects of ipratropium and beclomethasone ... |
| 35781234 | 2022 | Article | Turkish archives of pediatrics | The Importance of Flexible Bronchoscopy in Difficult-to-treat Asthma from a Pedi... |
| 37646125 | 2023 | Article | Pediatric pulmonology | Dynamic computed tomography for evaluation of tracheobronchomalacia in premature... |
| 23686692 | 2013 | Article | Journal of pharmaceutical scie | In vivo evidence of organic cation transporter-mediated tracheal accumulation of... |
| 12434649 | 2002 | Article | Revista medica de Chile | [Tracheobronchomalacia in pediatric patients: clinical experience]. |
| 30518799 | 2019 | Article | Journal of perinatology : offi | Bronchoscopy in neonates with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the NICU. |
| 12133322 | 2002 | Article | Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zh | [Effect of ipratropium bromide on calcium activated potassium channel in trachea... |
| 8839659 | 1996 | Article | European journal of clinical p | Antimuscarinic effect of tiquizium bromide in vitro and in vivo. |
| 29853489 | 2018 | Article | The European respiratory journ | The mucus bundles responsible for airway cleaning are retained in cystic fibrosi... |
| 9105095 | 1997 | Article | American journal of respirator | Bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy a... |
| 18348887 | 2008 | Article | European journal of pharmacolo | Bronchodilatory effects of S-isopetasin, an antimuscarinic sesquiterpene of Peta... |
| 24405692 | 2014 | Article | BMC pulmonary medicine | Pharmacologic inhibition of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase protects against expe... |
| 8866585 | 1996 | Article | The European respiratory journ | Cholinergic control of rabbit tracheal transepithelial potential difference in v... |
| 20658485 | 2010 | Article | Pediatric pulmonology | Inhaled colistin for the treatment of tracheobronchitis and pneumonia in critica... |
| 2714355 | 1989 | Article | European journal of pharmacolo | Muscarinic stimulation of prostanoid synthesis by the isolated rat trachea: calc... |
| 39902005 | 2025 | Article | Cureus | A Rare Case of Endotracheal Metastases in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma:... |
9. anaphylaxis L4 99.38%
相關文獻（10 篇）
| PMID | 年份 | 類型 | 期刊 | 主要發現 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30059791 | 2018 | Article | Annals of allergy, asthma & im | Management of anaphylaxis and allergies in patients with long QT syndrome: A rev... |
| 8449120 | 1993 | Article | Chest | An unusual case of severe anaphylaxis due to ipratropium bromide inhalation. |
| 12802149 | 2003 | Article | The American journal of nursin | It was a shock. |
| 18627797 | 2008 | Article | International immunopharmacolo | Validation of guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis by oral and topical drugs. |
| 6125398 | 1982 | Article | European journal of pharmacolo | Bronchodilator and antiallergic effects of thiazinamium chloride in guinea pigs,... |
| 20597367 | 2010 | Article | Eksperimental'naia i kliniches | [Antianaphylactic effects of muscarinic antagonists]. |
| 31626398 | 2020 | Article | Pediatric pulmonology | Prehospital management of pediatric asthma patients in a large emergency medical... |
| 24682736 | 2014 | Article | Investigational new drugs | Successful readministration of trastuzumab after severe immune reactions in two ... |
| 7052339 | 1980 | Article | British journal of pharmacolog | Atropine inhibits thromboxane A2 generation in isolated lungs of the guinea-pig. |
| 2531066 | 1989 | Article | Chest | Syncope caused by methacholine in a patient with exercise-induced anaphylaxis. |
10. food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis L5 99.36%
目前尚無針對此適應症的專門臨床研究。此為 TxGNN 模型預測結果，需進一步驗證。
資料來源：DDInter 2.0（原文內容請參閱該網站）
**Anticholinergic Syndrome** 🟡 Moderate
- 注意事項：Aclidinium, ipratropium, umeclidinium, and tiotropium are anticholinergic agents...
**心搏過速** 🟡 Moderate
- 需定期監測。
**Liver Failure** 🟡 Moderate
- 應謹慎使用本藥物。
## 結論與下一步
**決策：Validate**
**理由：**
TxGNN 預測的「阻塞性肺疾病」與 ipratropium 的核心適應症高度一致。超過 40 項臨床試驗提供了充分的療效和安全性證據。此預測更多是對現有適應症的確認和細化，而非真正的老藥新用發現。
**若要推進需要：**
- 此藥物已被充分驗證用於阻塞性肺疾病
- 可直接參考現有臨床指引使用
- 無需額外驗證研究
---
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---
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免責聲明
本報告僅供學術研究參考，不構成醫療建議。藥物使用請遵循醫師指示，切勿自行調整用藥。任何老藥新用決策需經過完整的臨床驗證與法規審查。
最後審核：2026-02-20 | 審核者：TwTxGNN Research Team
本報告僅供學術研究參考，不構成醫療建議。藥物使用請遵循醫師指示，切勿自行調整用藥。任何老藥新用決策需經過完整的臨床驗證與法規審查。
最後審核：2026-02-20 | 審核者：TwTxGNN Research Team
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